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Digital classics
Digital classics is the application of the tools of digital humanities to the field of classics, or more broadly to the study of the ancient world.
==History==
Classics was one of the first of the humanities disciplines to adopt computing approaches; the first references to the use of computing in the classical humanities date to the early 1960s,〔Arguably, the first references to the use of computing to study a text in a classical language are to a project at IBM to create a computer generated concordance of Aquinas beginning in 1949; for this, see Theodore F. Brunner, "Classics and the Computer: The History of a Relationship," in ''Accessing Antiquity: The Computerization of Classical Studies'' (1993), ed. Jon Solomon, Tucson: U. Arizona Press, for a general introduction to the early history of computing in the classical humanities.〕 which might be surprising considering the reputation of the discipline as old-fashioned and stuffily traditionalist.〔See also: Busa, Roberto. (1980). ‘The Annals of Humanities Computing: The Index Thomisticus’, in ''Computers and the Humanities'' 14:83-90. The ''(Index Thomisticus )'' is arguably the first humanities computing project and this seminal article deals specifically with the digitisation of this Latin text as well as reflecting on the nature and purpose of this field of scholarship.〕 Major projects such as the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae, founded in 1972,〔e.g. http://www.tlg.uci.edu/about/history.php for the history of this project〕 and the text collections of the Packard Humanities Institute set the trend, and there are still a significantly large number of ancient world projects among Humanities Computing projects today.〔See, e.g., the projects listed at http://www.kcl.ac.uk/cch/research/projects.html or http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/iathrails/projects/homepage〕 Also, the success of traditional scholarly publications in digital guises, such as seen in the ''Bryn Mawr Classical Review'',〔See http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/about.html for information on the history and scope of this publication〕 and the early adoption of hypertext in high profile projects like the Perseus Digital Library〔The Perseus Project was originally published on the HyperCard platform in 1990 — around the time of the invention of the World Wide Web; see archival versions of the Perseus 1.0 documentation, http://vanth.perseus.tufts.edu/Help/P1/Doc1.info.html and the Platform-Independent Perseus documentation, http://vanth.perseus.tufts.edu/Help/PIP2/Goals_Help.html, Mylonas, "The Perseus Project," http://xml.coverpages.org/mylonasPerseus.html, and Mylonas, Crane, Morrell, and Smith, "The Perseus Project: Data in the Electronic Age" in Solomon, ''Accessing Antiquity'' ''op. cit.'' for information toward a history of Perseus' use of hypertext platforms and other information infrastructures.〕 helped to legitimize computing in the study of classics in ways that has not always been the case in other areas of the humanities.
This apparent paradox may be as a result of the many methodologies and different sources of evidence that classicists have always had to embrace, from literary sources and linguistics, to art history and archaeology, history, philosophy, religious theory, ancient documents such as inscriptions and papyri, and so forth. The fragmentary nature of many of the texts and languages of the ancient world, the scattered evidence from the material culture of ancient Greece and Rome, and the necessity to evaluate all these varieties of evidence in context are particularly likely to benefit from digital approaches such as databases, text markup, and image manipulation.
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